Thanks Brian and Ghanshyam for the discussion. I've updated the tempest patch[1] to update one test that I missed earlier and also the cinder patch[2] which now returns a BadRequest stating the reason for the error and how to fix it.
$ curl -g -i -X POST
http://127.0.0.1/volume/v3/d6634f35c00f409883ecb10361b556c3/volumes -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -H "User-Agent: python-cinderclient" -H "X-Auth-Token: gAAAAABkAbZkWgdbpXNgObizvGy8jS6LoMGuxzMnMaMOw6wm2j5i5KrG2xIzWCDxrSAiaMJWqneNpKrwn8P852mPOyJB_WmxrhrmKiuafcP0KSljyW44mFwDtGN74VL50NLoVC-srL63L3xduyeF5EIlPEyDsWRqPSRZZwau7wQrngAZ8XBP3M8" -d '{"volume": {"size": 1, "consistencygroup_id": null, "snapshot_id": null, "name": null, "description": null, "volume_type": null, "availability_zone": null, "metadata": {}, "imageRef": null, "source_volid": null, "backup_id": null, "multiattach": "true"}}'
HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Date: Fri, 03 Mar 2023 09:04:38 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.41 (Ubuntu)
OpenStack-API-Version: volume 3.0
Vary: OpenStack-API-Version
Content-Length: 261
Content-Type: application/json
x-compute-request-id: req-a9f9999e-01e3-4970-9c32-35de193c04c1
x-openstack-request-id: req-a9f9999e-01e3-4970-9c32-35de193c04c1
Connection: close
{"badRequest": {"code": 400, "message": "multiattach parameter has been removed. The default behavior is to use multiattach enabled volume types. Contact your administrator to create a multiattach enabled volume type and use it to create multiattach volumes."}}