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<p class="MsoNormal">Btw you might not necessarily be having RabbitMQ issues. You might also be experiencing something like this.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://bugs.launchpad.net/neutron/+bug/1853071">https://bugs.launchpad.net/neutron/+bug/1853071</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Best Regards, Erik Olof Gunnar Andersson<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> Satish Patel <satish.txt@gmail.com> <br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, March 20, 2020 9:23 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Grant Morley <grant@civo.com><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Erik Olof Gunnar Andersson <eandersson@blizzard.com>; openstack-discuss@lists.openstack.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: Neutron RabbitMQ issues<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Oh you are right here, i have following stuff in my neutron.conf on server <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"># Notifications<br>
[oslo_messaging_notifications]<br>
driver = messagingv2<br>
topics = notifications<br>
transport_url = rabbit://<a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/neutron:5be2a043f9a93adbd@172.28.15.192:5671__;!!Ci6f514n9QsL8ck!1JtoahRvJ7-o3UTgt10NXnicoDEJzvPdT32aMejFaeSUu2ObRSEFvEfDVSWmp4HJag$">neutron:5be2a043f9a93adbd@172.28.15.192:5671</a>,<a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/neutron:5be2a043f9a93adbd@172.28.15.248:5671__;!!Ci6f514n9QsL8ck!1JtoahRvJ7-o3UTgt10NXnicoDEJzvPdT32aMejFaeSUu2ObRSEFvEfDVSXMR7XWRg$">neutron:5be2a043f9a93adbd@172.28.15.248:5671</a>,<a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/neutron:5be2a043f9a93adbd@172.28.15.22:5671/*neutron?ssl=1__;Lw!!Ci6f514n9QsL8ck!1JtoahRvJ7-o3UTgt10NXnicoDEJzvPdT32aMejFaeSUu2ObRSEFvEfDVSUgm8NHPA$">neutron:5be2a043f9a93adbd@172.28.15.22:5671//neutron?ssl=1</a><br>
<br>
# Messaging<br>
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]<br>
rpc_conn_pool_size = 30<br>
ssl = True<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Following change i am going to made let me know if anything missing. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">[DEFAULT]<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">executor_thread_pool_size = 2048 <--- is this correct? i didn't see anywhere "rpc_thread_pool_size"<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">rpc_response_timeout = 3600<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">[oslo_messaging_notifications]<br>
topics = notifications<br>
driver = noop<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"># Messaging<br>
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]<br>
rpc_conn_pool_size = 300<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#500050">heartbeat_timeout_threshold = 0</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">ssl = True<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Should i be adding this to all my compute nodes also ? <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Fri, Mar 20, 2020 at 11:40 AM Grant Morley <<a href="mailto:grant@civo.com">grant@civo.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p>If you tune rabbit then for: <o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="color:#500050">heartbeat_timeout_threshold = 0</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p>That should help with the error message you are getting. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p>That is a lot of messages queued. We had the same because we were not using ceilometer but had the "notifications" still turned on for it for services.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Are all of the ready messages for "<a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/notifications.info__;!!Ci6f514n9QsL8ck!1JtoahRvJ7-o3UTgt10NXnicoDEJzvPdT32aMejFaeSUu2ObRSEFvEfDVSXCYHosug$" target="_blank">notifications.info</a>" for the various services ( Nova,
Neutron, Keystone etc )<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>If that is the case you can disable those messages in your config files for those services. Look for:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="color:#500050"># Notifications<br>
[oslo_messaging_notifications]<br>
notification_topics = notifications<br>
driver = noop</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="color:black">Make sure the driver option is set to "noop" by default it will be set too "messagingv2" and then restart the service and that should stop sending messages to the queue. You can then purge the "</span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/notifications.info__;!!Ci6f514n9QsL8ck!1JtoahRvJ7-o3UTgt10NXnicoDEJzvPdT32aMejFaeSUu2ObRSEFvEfDVSXCYHosug$" target="_blank">notifications.info</a><span style="color:black">"
queue for Nova or Neutron etc..</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p>We only had the "message ready" when we had the setting for ceilometer set but was not using it. Also only purge a queue if it is for that reason. Do not purge the queue if it is for any other reason than that as it can cause issues.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Hope that helps.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Grant<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On 20/03/2020 14:38, Satish Patel wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Grant, <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">But i am seeing lots of following logs on my compute nodes running stein release. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">2020-03-20 10:34:46.132 53425 WARNING oslo.messaging._drivers.impl_rabbit [-] Unexpected error during heartbeart thread processing, retrying...: ConnectionForced: Too many heartbeats missed.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Find attached screenshot of one of rabbitMQ node, i have lots of messages in "Ready: 15339" is this looks normal to you?<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Fri, Mar 20, 2020 at 4:55 AM Grant Morley <<a href="mailto:grant@civo.com" target="_blank">grant@civo.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p>Hi,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>There was a bug in Queens that meant there was an issue with the heartbeat timeouts. Setting it to 0 gets around that bug. I believe that was fixed in Rocky and above, so your Stein installation should be fine.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Setting the value to 0 For us meant we stopped getting errors in the logs for:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>"Too many heartbeats missed, trying to force connect to RabbitMQ"<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Regards,<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On 19/03/2020 18:53, Satish Patel wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I have question related following setting, why are you disabling heartbeat timeout?
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#500050">heartbeat_timeout_threshold = 0 </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Thu, Mar 19, 2020 at 1:32 PM Satish Patel <<a href="mailto:satish.txt@gmail.com" target="_blank">satish.txt@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Great, thanks! Did you guys tune your nova component for rabbitMQ? <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On Thu, Mar 19, 2020 at 1:26 PM Grant Morley <<a href="mailto:grant@civo.com" target="_blank">grant@civo.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p>We left ours on the default value of 1 and that still seems to be fine.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Grant<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On 19/03/2020 17:13, Satish Patel wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">how about rpc_worker ? <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">currently i have rpc_worker=1 <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Thu, Mar 19, 2020 at 1:02 PM Grant Morley <<a href="mailto:grant@civo.com" target="_blank">grant@civo.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p>Correct, you need to add:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="color:#500050">> > heartbeat_timeout_threshold = 0<br>
> > rpc_conn_pool_size = 300<br>
> > rpc_thread_pool_size = 2048<br>
> > rpc_response_timeout = 3600<br>
> > rpc_poll_timeout = 60</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p>To your Neutron nodes<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>And you can add:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><br>
<span style="color:#500050">>> executor_thread_pool_size = 64<br>
>> rpc_response_timeout = 3600</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="color:black">To your compute nodes (neutron.conf) However I found just adding the changes to the neturon servers really helped.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="color:black">I would recommend just starting with your neutron nodes first to see if that helps. If you find your compute nodes are still having issues then change the settings on those after.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="color:black">Regards,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On 19/03/2020 16:53, Satish Patel wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I am running openstack-ansible (Queens / Stein both) so this is what i am going to do, am i doing correctly?
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">neutron-server (container) I have 3 neutron node. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#500050">> > heartbeat_timeout_threshold = 0<br>
> > rpc_conn_pool_size = 300<br>
> > rpc_thread_pool_size = 2048<br>
> > rpc_response_timeout = 3600<br>
> > rpc_poll_timeout = 60</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">330 compute nodes (agent neutron.conf) going to add following:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#500050">>> executor_thread_pool_size = 64<br>
>> rpc_response_timeout = 3600</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">How about nova? should i be doing that on nova as well to reduce load on rabbitMQ?<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Thu, Mar 19, 2020 at 12:35 PM Grant Morley <<a href="mailto:grant@civo.com" target="_blank">grant@civo.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p>Hi Satish,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>You will need to add those to the "neutron.conf" file on your network nodes. If you are running OS-A I would do it on your "neutron-server" nodes and add the following to your agents containers:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>executor_thread_pool_size = 64<br>
rpc_response_timeout = 3600<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Regards,<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On 19/03/2020 16:27, Satish Patel wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<pre>Erik,<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>If i want to adopt following setting then where i should add them in<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Queens openstack, neutron-server or all my compute nodes? which<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>setting will go where?<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>heartbeat_timeout_threshold = 0<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_conn_pool_size = 300<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_thread_pool_size = 2048<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_response_timeout = 3600<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_poll_timeout = 60<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>## Rpc all<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>executor_thread_pool_size = 64<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_response_timeout = 3600<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>On Wed, Mar 11, 2020 at 9:05 PM Erik Olof Gunnar Andersson<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="mailto:eandersson@blizzard.com" target="_blank"><eandersson@blizzard.com></a> wrote:<o:p></o:p></pre>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<pre>We are hitting something awfully similar.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>We have basically been hitting a few pretty serious bugs with RabbitMQ.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>The main one is when a RabbitMQ server crashes, or gets split brain it does not always recover, or even when just one node is restarted. We sometimes end up with orphaned consumers that keep consuming messages, but goes to /dev/null pretty much. Another issue is that sometimes bindings stop working. They are visually there, but simply does not route traffic to the intended queues.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre><span lang="SV">e.g. </span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/issues/641__;!!Ci6f514n9QsL8ck!1JtoahRvJ7-o3UTgt10NXnicoDEJzvPdT32aMejFaeSUu2ObRSEFvEfDVSVXVk98dA$" target="_blank"><span lang="SV">https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/issues/641</span></a><span lang="SV"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="SV"><o:p> </o:p></span></pre>
<pre>I wrote two quick scripts to audit these issues.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/paste.openstack.org/show/790569/__;!!Ci6f514n9QsL8ck!1JtoahRvJ7-o3UTgt10NXnicoDEJzvPdT32aMejFaeSUu2ObRSEFvEfDVSXoXcbVVw$" target="_blank">http://paste.openstack.org/show/790569/</a> - Check if you have orphaned consumers (may need pagination if you have a large deployment).<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/paste.openstack.org/show/790570/__;!!Ci6f514n9QsL8ck!1JtoahRvJ7-o3UTgt10NXnicoDEJzvPdT32aMejFaeSUu2ObRSEFvEfDVSVlMPvQPw$" target="_blank">http://paste.openstack.org/show/790570/</a> - Check if the bindings are bad for a specific queue.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>The main issue seems to be the number of queues + connections causing the recovery after restarting a node to cause bindings and/or queues to get into an "orphaned" state.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>Best Regards, Erik Olof Gunnar Andersson<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>-----Original Message-----<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>From: Satish Patel <a href="mailto:satish.txt@gmail.com" target="_blank"><satish.txt@gmail.com></a><o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Sent: Wednesday, March 11, 2020 5:14 PM<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>To: Grant Morley <a href="mailto:grant@civo.com" target="_blank"><grant@civo.com></a><o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Cc: <a href="mailto:openstack-discuss@lists.openstack.org" target="_blank">openstack-discuss@lists.openstack.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Subject: Re: Neutron RabbitMQ issues<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>I am also dealing with some short of rabbitmq performance issue but its not as worst you your issue.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>This is my favorite video, not sure you have seen this before or not but anyway posting here - <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.youtube.com/watch?v=bpmgxrPOrZw__;!!Ci6f514n9QsL8ck!1rOR_L7ya6zmMgZ0owpfO7NvhsPOzbgyUplonob2awcg8hd80yCAT_ynvarUEZv4Mw$" target="_blank">https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bpmgxrPOrZw__;!!Ci6f514n9QsL8ck!1rOR_L7ya6zmMgZ0owpfO7NvhsPOzbgyUplonob2awcg8hd80yCAT_ynvarUEZv4Mw$</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>On Wed, Mar 11, 2020 at 10:24 AM Grant Morley <a href="mailto:grant@civo.com" target="_blank"><grant@civo.com></a> wrote:<o:p></o:p></pre>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<pre>Hi all,<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>We are currently experiencing some fairly major issues with our<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>OpenStack cluster. It all appears to be with Neutron and RabbitMQ. We<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>are seeing a lot of time out messages in responses to replies and<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>because of this instance creation or anything to do with instances and<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>networking is broken.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>We are running OpenStack Queens.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>We have already tuned Rabbit for Neutron by doing the following on neutron:<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>heartbeat_timeout_threshold = 0<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_conn_pool_size = 300<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_thread_pool_size = 2048<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_response_timeout = 3600<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_poll_timeout = 60<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>## Rpc all<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>executor_thread_pool_size = 64<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_response_timeout = 3600<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>What we are seeing in the error logs for neutron for all services<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>(l3-agent, dhcp, linux-bridge etc ) are these timeouts:<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/pastebin.com/Fjh23A5a__;!!Ci6f514n" target="_blank">https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://pastebin.com/Fjh23A5a__;!!Ci6f514n</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>9QsL8ck!1rOR_L7ya6zmMgZ0owpfO7NvhsPOzbgyUplonob2awcg8hd80yCAT_ynvapLQK<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>9aOA$<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>We have manually tried to get everything in sync by forcing fail-over<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>of the networking which seems to get routers in sync.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>We are also seeing that there are a lot of "unacknowledged" messages<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>in RabbitMQ for 'q-plugin' in the neutron queues.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>Some times restarting of the services on neutron gets these back<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>acknowledged again, however the timeouts come back.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>The RabbitMQ servers themselves are not loaded at all. All memory,<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>file descriptors and errlang processes have plenty of resources available.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>We are also seeing a lot of rpc issues:<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>Timeout in RPC method release_dhcp_port. Waiting for 1523 seconds<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>before next attempt. If the server is not down, consider increasing<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>the rpc_response_timeout option as Neutron server(s) may be overloaded<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>and unable to respond quickly enough.: MessagingTimeout: Timed out<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>waiting for a reply to message ID 965fa44ab4f6462fa378a1cf7259aad4<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>2020-03-10 19:02:33.548 16242 ERROR neutron.common.rpc<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>[req-a858afbb-5083-4e21-a309-6ee53582c4d9 - - - - -] Timeout in RPC<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>method release_dhcp_port. Waiting for 3347 seconds before next attempt.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>If the server is not down, consider increasing the<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>rpc_response_timeout option as Neutron server(s) may be overloaded and<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>unable to respond quickly enough.: MessagingTimeout: Timed out waiting<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>for a reply to message ID 7937465f15634fbfa443fe1758a12a9c<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>Does anyone know if there is anymore tuning to be done at all?<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Upgrading for us at the moment to a newer version isn't really an<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>option unfortunately.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>Because of our setup, we also have roughly 800 routers enabled and I<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>know that will be putting a load on the system. However these problems<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>have only started to happen roughly 1 week ago and have steadily got worse.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>If anyone has any use cases for this or any more recommendations that<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>would be great.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>Many thanks,<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
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