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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Hello Caitlin!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I have been pondering your comment .. and some issues pertaining to horizontal scaling for high availability. Please let me know if I am<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">missing something in your suggestion of storage nodes saving encryption keys.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Say on compute-node-1, we have a VM and a persistent volume encrypted with key k1, user is done, volume detached etc.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Later the VM may land on compute-node-2 and key K1 needs to be accessed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">A single copy of the key would mean danger of key loss. Also search for the key should the VM and volume host be different from the prior run (in this case
compute-node-2 instead of compute-node-1). Even snapshots may reside on different storage media and whether we use the same key-string-id or a copy of the key-string and new id.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">If we elect to store the encryption keys on the storage servers themselves in secure lock boxes, we would need to replicate the keys on other peer storage servers
to ensure access. Mirroring .. like Swift replicas.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">This then becomes a swift like storage mechanism with the keys encrypted using the storage server’s master key.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I can see a single master key being distributed to the members of the storage cluster, so that they can decrypt a key once they retrieve it from the<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Key manager (thinking of it as a single entity even if the data is replicated in multiple places).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">With the service endpoint, aka storage node (Cinder/Glance/Swift), being responsible for decrypting the key-string, which happens locally, the communication
between key-manager and service-endpoint becomes a less valuable target, the data flying by less vulnerable.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">TPM could be used to verify if a storage-endpoint is legitimate (identity and platform integrity) before it could access the master key.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">We could have separate master keys for Cinder/Glance/Swift.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">To get the protection of a double-key like a bank safe deposit locker, the actual encryption key could be a combination of the domain/account/user specific
key and the per entity key. That key too would reside in key-manager. Either through delegation the service endpoint could access it (here I am having trouble with which key to use to encrypt it .. different services would be using the key). While stored it
could be encrypted with the key-manager’s master key or keystone’s master key, but then it would have be passed along to the service after decryption (vulnerable while in transit).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Caching of keys, to reduce network traffic and latency possible, with lifetime equal to token lifetime and usual cache space reclamation policies.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Malini<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext"> Caitlin Bestler [mailto:caitlin.bestler@nexenta.com]
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, February 14, 2013 9:38 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Nate Reller; OpenStack Development Mailing List<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [openstack-dev] Volume Encryption<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">However, I do not see Keystone as being a key repository that is up to supporting distributed keys.<br>
Any would-be attacker would immediately target the encryption of communicating with keystone<br>
as being a far more vulnerable target than the encryption used on the volumes themselves.<br>
<br>
I believe what we need is to allow the encryption keys to be stored by the storage servers themselves<br>
in secure lock boxes, and the role of OpenStack should be to authorize secure transfers between those<br>
lockboxes (which could be encrypted by far more than SSL).<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
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