Open Stack

About the (1) [Single VM], the use cases as follows can be supplement.

1. Protection Group： Define the set of instances to be protected.
2. Protection Policy： Define the policy for protection group, such as sync period, sync priority, advanced features, etc.
3. Recovery Plan:    Define the recovery steps during recovery, such as the power-off and boot order of instances, etc

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zhangleiqiang (Ray)

Best Regards


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bruce Montague [mailto:Bruce_Montague at symantec.com]
> Sent: Thursday, March 13, 2014 2:38 AM
> To: openstack-dev at lists.openstack.org
> Subject: Re: [openstack-dev] Disaster Recovery for OpenStack - call for
> stakeholder
> 
> 
> Hi, regarding the call to create a list of disaster recovery (DR) use cases
> ( http://lists.openstack.org/pipermail/openstack-dev/2014-March/028859.html
>  ), the following list sketches some speculative OpenStack DR use cases. These
> use cases do not reflect any specific product behavior and span a wide
> spectrum. This list is not a proposal, it is intended primarily to solicit additional
> discussion. The first basic use case, (1), is described in a bit more detail than
> the others; many of the others are elaborations on this basic theme.
> 
> 
> 
> * (1) [Single VM]
> 
> A single Windows VM with 4 volumes and VSS (Microsoft's Volume Shadowcopy
> Services) installed runs a key application and integral database. VSS can quiesce
> the app, database, filesystem, and I/O on demand and can be invoked external
> to the guest.
> 
>    a. The VM's volumes, including the boot volume, are replicated to a remote
> DR site (another OpenStack deployment).
> 
>    b. Some form of replicated VM or VM metadata exists at the remote site.
> This VM/description includes the replicated volumes. Some systems might use
> cold migration or some form of wide-area live VM migration to establish this
> remote site VM/description.
> 
>    c. When specified by an SLA or policy, VSS is invoked, putting the VM's
> volumes in an application-consistent state. This state is flushed all the way
> through to the remote volumes. As each remote volume reaches its
> application-consistent state, this is recognized in some fashion, perhaps by an
> in-band signal, and a snapshot of the volume is made at the remote site.
> Volume replication is re-enabled immediately following the snapshot. A backup
> is then made of the snapshot on the remote site. At the completion of this cycle,
> application-consistent volume snapshots and backups exist on the remote site.
> 
>    d.  When a disaster or firedrill happens, the replication network
> connection is cut. The remote site VM pre-created or defined so as to use the
> replicated volumes is then booted, using the latest application-consistent state
> of the replicated volumes. The entire VM environment (management accounts,
> networking, external firewalling, console access, etc..), similar to that of the
> primary, either needs to pre-exist in some fashion on the secondary or be
> created dynamically by the DR system. The booting VM either needs to attach
> to a virtual network environment similar to at the primary site or the VM needs
> to have boot code that can alter its network personality. Networking
> configuration may occur in conjunction with an update to DNS and other
> networking infrastructure. It is necessary for all required networking
> configuration  to be pre-specified or done automatically. No manual admin
> activity should be required. Environment requirements may be stored in a DR
> configuration !
> or database associated with the replication.
> 
>    e. In a firedrill or test, the virtual network environment at the remote site
> may be a "test bubble" isolated from the real network, with some provision for
> protected access (such as NAT). Automatic testing is necessary to verify that
> replication succeeded. These tests need to be configurable by the end-user and
> admin and integrated with DR orchestration.
> 
>    f. After the VM has booted and been operational, the network connection
> between the two sites is re-established. A replication connection between the
> replicated volumes is restablished, and the replicated volumes are re-synced,
> with the roles of primary and secondary reversed. (Ongoing replication in this
> configuration may occur, driven from the new primary.)
> 
>    g. A planned failback of the VM to the old primary proceeds similar to the
> failover from the old primary to the old replica, but with roles reversed and the
> process minimizing offline time and data loss.
> 
> 
> 
> * (2) [Core tenant/project infrastructure VMs]
> 
> Twenty VMs power the core infrastructure of a group using a private cloud
> (OpenStack in their own datacenter). Not all VMs run Windows with VSS, some
> run Linux with some equivalent mechanism, such as qemu-ga, driving fsfreeze
> and signal scripts. These VMs are replicated to a remote OpenStack
> deployment, in a fashion similar to (1). Orchestration occurring at the remote
> site on failover is more complex (correct VM boot order is orchestrated, DHCP
> service is configured as expected, all IPs are made available and verified). An
> equivalent virtual network topology consisting of multiple networks or subnets
> might be pre-created or dynamically created at failover time.
> 
>    a. Storage for all volumes of all VMs might be on a single storage backend
> (logically a single large volume containing many smaller sub-volumes, examples
> being a VMware datastore or Hyper-V CSV). This entire large volume might be
> replicated between similar storage backends at the primary and secondary site.
> A single replicated large volume thus replicates all the tenant VM's volumes.
> The DR system must trigger quiesce of all volumes to application-consistent
> state.
> 
>    b. This environment needs to deal with failures of the primary datacenter
> (as when a trenching tool cuts its connection to the internet), routine firedrill
> tests that perform failover and failback, and planned migration.
> 
>    c. VSS or fsfreeze may be expected to fail for some VMs and policies and
> SLAs need to contend with this and alert admins for manual follow-up.
> 
>    d. Network bandwidth used for replication needs to be throttled so as not
> to overly disrupt the private cloud's gateway capacity.
> 
>    e. DR replication needs to deal with intermittent network replication failure
> and recover gracefully. In case of a known network issue, such as maintenance,
> it needs to be possible for the admin to explicitly suspend network replication.
> Replication I/O is then logged locally at the primary site in some fashion. The
> remote site needs to stay replication ready, but failover does not occur. When
> the network issue is over, replication resumes, perhaps recovering via a log, a
> map of updated blocks, or an equivalent technique. In this example the RPO
> window is deliberately ignored and allowed to grow until replication is resumed
> by the admin.
> 
>    f. This tenant requires encryption of network replication traffic.
> 
>    g. Cost accounting and chargeback is required.
> 
> 
> 
> * (3) [Multi-tier app infrastructure]
> 
> A tenant has a service consisting of 8 multi-tier apps that each consist of 3 to 5
> VMs, with each VM having 2 to 4 disks. Replication snapshots need to be made
> of the volumes in an application-consistent way across all the volumes of all the
> VMs in all the multi-tier apps. Again, these volumes may exist on a single large
> volume or datastore, perhaps simplifying creation of the cross-VM application
> consistency snapshot. Not all of the VMs in a multi-tier app may need to be
> quiesced, some may be stateless and simply need to be recovered to a running
> state.
> 
> a. This tenant requires that 3 of the multi-tier apps failover to one remote
> OpenStack site and the other 5 multi-tier apps failover to a different remote
> site than the first.
> 
> b. This tenant weekly performs a non-disruptive test-bubble failover test. Real
> failover is not triggered. Instead, all the multi-tier app VMs that would boot
> upon failure are booted (from their latest snapshots on the secondary), but the
> VM's virtual network environment on the secondary is isolated from external
> networking. Test bubbles at the two OpenStack remote sites may need to be
> connected via some VPN/tunnel or equivalent without manual admin activity.
> 
> 
> 
> * (4) [Tenant failover]
> 
> An OpenStack tenant has 40 VMs, relatively lightly loaded, used for
> development. The VMs do not contain VSS, qemu-ga, or standard tools (they
> may be running any Linux distro, some may be running Plan9, the tenant may
> be doing Linux kernel development (that is, the VMs can be anything)). A
> remote OpenStack deployment needs to exist so that in event of loss of the
> primary OpenStack site, the tenant can continue development. In addition to
> volume replication as in (1), subject to policies and SLAs, cold migration may be
> performed on a VM's volumes upon shutdown (or dismount) and tenant
> end-users can explicitly request replication of a volume that is in an
> application-consistent state (when they have quiesced it by VSS, dismount, or
> equivalent).
> 
> a. Being down for a short period may be acceptable to this tenant. If all the
> hosts on the primary site are rebooted, for instance, due to power failure, it is
> the operators choice to fail over or not. If the operator chooses not to fail over,
> upon reboot of the VM's at the primary site, any established replication should
> automatically be continued.
> 
> 
> 
> * (5) [Scale-out workload]
> 
> A tenant has a Cassandra (or Hadoop or similar type of system) consisting of 75
> VMs. Use is bursty. The system is used by a pharmaceutical company for
> design work. Loss of a week's work can be repeated, but weekly replication is
> mandatory. The application itself may provide some form of built-in
> geo-replication. Some controller-type VMs may need to be replicated as in (1).
> Other VMs may partner with replica VMs for explicit application data
> replication. For weekly replication of Cassandra data, Cassandra user-level
> snapshots are made into replicated volumes attached to each Cassandra VM.
> Replication is periodic with respect to the last replication event, that is, only
> data changed since the last replication event is sent.
> 
>    a. The tenant requires use of a particular aggregated network link for
> replication.
> 
>    b. The tenant requires custom integration with the DR replication workflow
> to quiesce Cassandra via user-level commands and scripts developed by the
> end-user.
> 
>    c. Initial synchronization of replicated primary and secondary volume need
> not be over a network link. Secondary volumes can be created initially from
> physical disks or backups physically moved to the secondary site.
> 
> 
> 
> * (6) [Degraded-mode Mission-critical single VM]
> 
> This single VM use case is similar to (1), but when a network partition occurs
> between the primary and secondary OpenStack sites, with both sites remaining
> up, the primary VM remains operational while the secondary replica VM also
> comes online. Both VMs operate in a mode that resembles replication with a
> momentary network fault, logging their would-be replication traffic for
> continuation when the network comes back. When network connectivity is
> reestablished, one site again becomes the primary and differences in the VM's
> volumes can optionally (as controlled by policy) be reconciled. (In a simple case,
> each site might have its own dedicated volume partition or attached volume
> with its latest state.)
> 
> 
> 
> * (7) [Self-contained application volume]
> 
>  A cinder volume contains a complete database application, including the
> database and all binaries and configuration files. Replication of the entire VM
> to which this volume is attached is not needed. The VM and  its configuration
> can be recreated on demand at the remote site and attached to the replicated
> application volume. The DR system still needs to orchestrate the process and
> create or manage the required network environment. A simple DR strategy can
> be used in which the volume is quiesced on the primary, a volume snapshot
> taken, the volume unquiesced (enabling the VM to continue running), and a
> backup is then made of the snapshot. Backups can be transported by whatever
> means to the DR site, where the volume can be restored to its state at time of
> snapshot.
> 
> 
> 
> * (8) [Stateless]
> 
> No volumes and VMs need to be replicated, as VMs and their configuration can
> be recreated on demand, using configuration tools, and application data is
> accessed over the wide-area network (NFS or object store). The DR process still
> has to orchestrate creating the VMs, running configuration tools to populate
> them, creating the network environment, and booting VMs in required order.
> 
> 
> 
> * (9) [Site Evacuation]
> 
> The holy grail, automatic planned migration of the workload and data from one
> cloud-scale datacenter to another (or a set of others). In practice, likely to
> include admins in-the-loop. At both tenant-scale and entire datacenter scale.
> The entire cloud datacenter is expected to go offline for an extended period
> (the hurricane scenario).
> 
> 
> 
> -bruce
> 
> 
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